Hormonal Symptoms
In Women
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Irregular menstrual cycles
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Infertility
In Men
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Shrinking testicles
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Enlarged breast tissue
Complications of End-Stage Liver Disease
Two major complications can develop:
Portal Hypertension
Scar tissue blocks blood flow through the liver, increasing pressure in the portal vein.
This can cause:
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Enlarged veins that may rupture and bleed
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Internal bleeding
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Enlarged spleen
Liver Cancer
People with chronic liver disease have a higher risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma, the most common form of liver cancer.
Causes of Liver Disease
There are more than 100 types of liver disease, but they generally fall into several categories.
Viral Infections
Examples include hepatitis B and hepatitis C.
Alcohol-Related Liver Disease
Long-term heavy alcohol use can cause hepatitis, cirrhosis, and liver failure.
Toxic Hepatitis
Exposure to chemicals, medications, or drugs can damage the liver.
Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD)
Excess fat accumulation in the liver, often related to:
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Obesity
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High blood sugar
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High cholesterol
Bile Flow Disorders
Conditions that block bile ducts, such as:
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Gallstones
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Biliary atresia
Autoimmune Diseases
The immune system attacks liver tissue, causing inflammation.
Genetic Disorders
Examples include:
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Wilson disease
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Hemochromatosis
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Gaucher disease
Risk Factors for Liver Disease
